Week 10

Title: Block Diagram
Date: 3/5/2012

Objective:

• To declare what is the input and output of the project
• To declare what is the variable use for the project

Content:

Block Diagram of the Project

Explanation of Block Diagram

RFID

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of a wireless non-contact system that uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object, for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. Some tags require no battery and are powered by the electromagnetic fields used to read them. Others use a local power source and emit radio waves (electromagnetic radiation at radio frequencies). The tag contains electronically stored information which can be read from up to several meters (yards) away. Unlike a bar code, the tag does not need to be within line of sight of the reader and may be embedded in the tracked object.

For this project, the RFID is used to detect the tag which is will be carried by the driver. When the driver walks into the range that the RFID can detect, the RFID will send high signal to the system to operate, and if it does not detect any longer it will send low signal to the system.

Microcontroller

A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications.

            For this project, microcontroller is use as a main controller of the system. When the sensor detects the tag item, the sensor will send high signal to the controller, this is where the system starts.

Motor/Electric Motor

Most electric motors operate through the interaction of magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate force. The reverse process, producing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is done by generators such as an alternator or a dynamo; some electric motors can also be used as generators, for example, a traction motor on a vehicle may perform both tasks. Electric motors and generators are commonly referred to as electric machines.

Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current, e.g., a battery powered portable device or motor vehicle, or by alternating current from a central electrical distribution grid or inverter. The smallest motors may be found in electric wristwatches. Medium-size motors of highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial uses. The very largest electric motors are used for propulsion of ships, pipeline compressors, and water pumps with ratings in the millions of watts. Electric motors may be classified by the source of electric power, by their internal construction, by their application, or by the type of motion they give.

For this project, this motor is use as the motion mechanism. It does whatever the controller programmed. The motor receives the signal from the controller and operate as the program direct. The motor is as the engine of the car. So, when the controller sends high signal to the motor, the engine of the car started.

Power window motor

Power windows or electric windows as well as electric or power window are automobile windows which can be raised and lowered by depressing a button or switch, as opposed to using a hand-turned crank handle.

It is the same as the motor. The power window motor is used as motion mechanism for the project but in different ways. The power window motor used to open or closed the car window. In this project, the power window motor is connected with the controller. It functions as, when the driver forgot to close the window when leaving the car, the system will help to close the window automatically when the car is locked.

Analysis:

All variable used for this project is quite easy to get. The variable might be change later on, this only               just a plan

Conclusion:

This block diagram is part of methodology research, and this research is very important to doing this project. Without this research the project might be not work smoothly.